Anti-photoaging potentials of ethanolic extracts of Curcuma aeruginosa and Plantago major

Full Length Research Paper

Anti-photoaging potentials of ethanolic extracts of Curcuma aeruginosa and Plantago major

Dodi Darmakusuma^1,2*, Wasmen Manalu³, Frans Umbu Datta⁴, Agik Suprayogi³, Nastiti Kusumorini³ and Amor T. Karyawati⁵

¹Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Post Graduate School, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor,

Republic of Indonesia.

²Department of Chemistry, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Republic of Indonesia.

³Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Republic of Indonesia.

⁴Department of Nutrition and Feed Science, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Republic of Indonesia.

⁵Department of Biology, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Republic of Indonesia.

*Corresponding author. E-mail: dodikimia@yahoo.com. Tel: +62 82375185471.

Accepted 12 July, 2013

Abstract

The main purpose of this research is to evaluate the anti-photoaging potential of ethanolic extract of rhizome of Curcuma aeruginosa and ethanolic extract of leaf of Plantago major. This research evaluated the effect of extracts to inhibit UV-induced degeneration of type I Procollagen and inhibit UV-induced intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production in the Human Dermal Fibroblast (HDFs) cell. The result of this research shows that ethanolic extract of rhizome of C. aeruginosa and leaf of P. major were found potent to prevent UV-induced degeneration of type I procollagen. The mean relative percentage of expression levels of type I procollagen between vehicle group and extract group were significantly different (P<0.05, n=3). The mean percentage of expression levels of type I procollagen in P. major group (116.49±25.349) was higher than that of the other group. Treatment of P. major extract increased expression levels of type I procollagen compared to the control group. This fact shows that the treatment of P. major extract is able to increase expression levels of type I procollagen on UV exposure conditions at a dosage of 100 mJ/cm². UV radiation exposure decreased the expression levels of type I procollagen in vehicle group (23.96±18.084) and C. aeruginosa group (62.42±10.895), but the expression levels of type I procollagen in C. aeruginosa group was significantly higher than that of the vehicle group. These facts show that treatment of extracts inhibit UV-induced degeneration of type I procollagen in HDFs cell. The fold of DCF’s fluorescence intensity at vehicle group and extracts group increased versus the control. The means of fold of DCF’s ﬂuorescence intensity of extract group (2.64±0.016 at C. aeruginosa group, 2.41±0.024 at P. Major group) were significantly different and lower than that of the vehicle group (3.44±0.081, P<0.05, n=4). This fact shows that extracts inhibit UV-induced intracellular ROS production in the HDFs cell or it shows intracellular antioxidant effect of extracts. Based on the research result, the facts show that ethanolic extract of rhizome of C. aeruginosa and ethanolic extract of leaf of P. major have effect to inhibit UV-induced degeneration of type I procollagen and inhibit UV-induced intracellular ROS production in HDFs cells. Therefore, it can be concluded that ethanolic extract of rhizome of C. aeruginosa and ethanolic extract of leaf of P. major have potential to develop as anti-photoaging. The research results indicate that the extracts inhibit UV-induced degeneration of type I procollagen by inhibition of the UV-induced intracellular ROS production or any antioxidant effect of extracts.

Key words: Curcuma aeruginosa, Plantago major, anti-photoaging, type I procollagen, reactive oxygen species (ROS), human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs).